Meaning & Analysis
Regretting or feeling sorrow over a missed opportunity is futile because the time for action has already passed and the outcome cannot be changed.
Insights
Irreversibility of Time
The proverb underscores the irreversible nature of time and the finality of past events. It teaches that opportunities are bound to specific moments, and once those moments are gone, they cannot be reclaimed through sorrow.
Action vs. Emotion
It draws a sharp distinction between proactive engagement (seizing a chance) and reactive emotion (grieving). The proverb champions timely action and foresight over retrospective and unproductive emotional responses.
Acceptance and Moving On
The saying implicitly advocates for psychological acceptance. Once an opportunity is lost, the most rational and healthy response is to accept the reality and move forward, rather than dwelling in a state of grief for what might have been.
The Cost of Inaction
The proverb serves as a powerful warning against the dangers of hesitation and procrastination. The grief it describes is the direct consequence of failing to act decisively when the opportunity was present.
Psychological Wisdom
This proverb encapsulates a core tenet of cognitive-behavioral therapy: focusing on what one can control (future actions) rather than ruminating on what one cannot (the past). It is a piece of folk psychology advocating for mental resilience and forward-looking attitudes.
Historical Pragmatism
In historical contexts where opportunities in agriculture, trade, or battle were often fleeting and singular, the cost of a missed chance was immediate and severe. The proverb reflects a world with less room for error and fewer second chances.
Literary Parallel
The proverb is the reactive counterpart to the proactive Latin dictum 'Carpe Diem' (Seize the Day). While 'Carpe Diem' urges one to act, this proverb warns of the emotional futility that follows a failure to do so, framing regret as a useless passion.
Moral and Practical Lesson
This serves as both a moral and practical lesson. Morally, it discourages self-pity and unproductive sorrow. Practically, it encourages preparedness, decisiveness, and alertness to opportunities as they arise.
Rhetorical Devices
Cause and Effect Structure
The proverb is structured as a clear cause-and-effect statement ('when the chance is past' leads to 'it is too late to grieve'), which gives its wisdom a logical, almost undeniable force.
Antithesis
It establishes a strong contrast between the concepts of 'chance' (opportunity, action, the past) and 'grief' (emotion, inaction, the present), highlighting the uselessness of the latter in relation to the former.
Didactic Tone
The proverb is delivered in a direct, instructional tone. It does not suggest but declares a universal truth, functioning as a straightforward piece of advice for practical living.
Transcription
Quotations
It is too late to repent to morrow.
(when the day's lost).
(Too late to grieve, when).
Related Proverbs
Original Scan

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