To swear by no BEGGARS (bugs)

Meaning & Analysis

To use the oath formula “by no beggars” (also “by no bugs”)—an emphatic but non-sacred way of swearing, invoking nothing lofty or holy.

Insights

Defanged Oath

A performance of intensity without sacrilege: the speaker signals passion or certainty while carefully avoiding blasphemy or offense.

Cheap Talk

The phrase can imply bluster—noise without collateral—since swearing ‘by no beggars/bugs’ pledges nothing weighty and risks little.

Status Gesture

Invoking ‘no beggars’ parodies grand oaths by kings or gods; it hints that the speaker refuses to swear by exalted beings and instead mocks the hierarchy of things worth swearing by.

Minced Vigor

A linguistic workaround: the community curbs profane swearing, so speakers adopt playful substitutes that preserve rhetorical heat while satisfying moral norms.

Skeptical Emphasis

To observers, such oaths may flag overcompensation—those who insist too loudly, with unserious formulae, may be less trustworthy.

Historical Semantics

Early modern ‘bug/bugge’ meant a bogey or bugbear, not an insect; the variant ‘by no bugs’ thus swears by no terrors, an empty specter, paralleling ‘by no beggars’ as swearing by nothing of account.

Euphemistic Oathing

Campaigns against profane oaths encouraged harmless formulas (‘by my troth,’ ‘odsookers,’ etc.). ‘By no beggars/bugs’ fits this repertoire—energetic in sound, ethically safe in substance.

Class Tinge

Using ‘beggars’ as the negated object of an oath trades on social contempt: the lowly are unworthy of invocation, sharpening the joke even as it reproduces stigma.

Performative Speech

Oaths are speech-acts that stake honor. This formula stages the act without staking honor on sacred collateral, revealing how rhetoric can mimic commitment while withholding risk.

Literary Color

Playwrights and pamphleteers favor such oaths to paint character—braggarts and roisterers swear loudly yet evasively—so the phrase cues tone (boast, jest, or threat) more than truth value.

Cross-cultural Echo

Many languages host comic, ‘harmless’ oaths (‘by my beard,’ ‘by my cap’), indicating a shared tension between expressive force and religious or legal taboos on swearing.

Rhetorical Devices

Euphemism

Substitutes sacred invocations with trivial or negated objects, letting speakers vent emotion without sacrilege.

Irony

An oath that invokes ‘no’ one of consequence satirizes the very seriousness oaths are meant to convey.

Negation

‘By no…’ uses denial as emphasis, a litotic twist that sounds strong while saying one swears by nothing.

Metonymy

‘Beggars’ stands for social lowliness; ‘bugs’ for bogeys and empty fears, each indexing unworthy objects of oath.

Colloquial cadence

The clipped, punchy formula makes a memorable stage oath—quick to say, easy to recognize, rich in tone.

oathseuphemismrhetoricironyclasslinguistics
Analyzed with gpt-5.0-thinking on November 14, 2025

Transcription

Quotations

Caligula . . swore by no bugs, that he would make him a consul.

1579, GOSSON, Sch. Abuse, p. 33

He . . swears by no small bugs.

1596, LODGE, Wit's Misery, p. 17

And by no beggars swore that we were traytours.

1599, GREENE, George a Greene, s. B2v

And swore by no beggars that now was the houre come for him to bestirre his stumps.

1603, DEKKER, Wonderful Year: Non-Dram. Wks., I 87

Be content with this answere, otherwise (I sweare by no beggars) I will praise you to your face.

1617, MORYSON, Itinerary, I ii iii, I 343

Original Scan

To swear by no BEGGARS (bugs) - a scanned entry from Tilley's 1950 Dictionary of Proverbs.
Scan courtesy of HathiTrust Digital Library.
Used under CC BY-NC 3.0.

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Last updated: January 27, 2026