Meaning & Analysis
A woman ('good-wife'), having been literally soiled with excrement on her back, makes the absurd and non-sequitur declaration that everyone will now become merchants ('chapmen'). The statement is intentionally illogical, deriving its meaning from its inappropriateness to the situation.
Insights
Critique of Misplaced Ambition
The proverb satirizes misplaced or absurdly timed ambition. It mocks individuals who maintain lofty aspirations or a facade of dignity even when faced with abject failure, humiliation, or disgrace, highlighting the ridiculous gap between their ambition and their reality.
Humbling and False Equivalence
It illustrates the concept of a humbling or leveling experience. The degrading event brings the woman to a low state, and her ironic statement suggests that such a fall from grace makes all social distinctions meaningless, as if to say, 'Now that this has happened, I suppose any absurd thing is possible.'
Absurdity in Crisis
The proverb captures a moment of absurd response to a crisis. It represents the folly of reacting to a disaster with a statement that is completely illogical or unfitting, thereby mocking those who cannot grasp the reality of their own undignified situation.
Social Satire
The proverb offers sharp social commentary, using a crude, humbling event to satirize pretensions of status. As the 1721 annotation by Kelly suggests, it serves as a 'Reprimand to those who perk up with their Superiors', using the visceral image of filth as a great equalizer to mock social climbing.
Historical Aspiration
The term 'chapman' (a merchant or peddler) represents a modest but real form of economic aspiration in the early modern period. The good-wife's declaration, made at a moment of utter degradation, ironically invokes this ambition to highlight its absurdity in her current state.
Scatological Humor
The proverb's power lies in its use of scatological humor, a common feature in early modern literature and folk sayings. This raw, physical comedy creates a shocking and memorable image to deliver a blunt message about human folly and the vanity of social ambition.
Psychological Dissonance
The statement is a profound example of a psychologically inappropriate reaction to trauma or humiliation. It reflects a human tendency to sometimes respond to shocking events with bizarre, disconnected thoughts, creating a jarring and satirical effect.
Rhetorical Devices
Irony
The proverb's meaning is driven by deep sarcasm. The good-wife’s declaration is the opposite of a logical reaction, used to ridicule either her own situation or the very idea of social hierarchy.
Juxtaposition
The saying starkly juxtaposes a moment of extreme physical degradation (being soiled with a 'turd') with a statement of social and economic aspiration ('be all chapmen'), creating a powerful and humorous satirical effect.
Shock Value
The use of the visceral and taboo image of excrement is a deliberate rhetorical device to shock the listener, ensuring the proverb's message about pride and humiliation is both blunt and unforgettable.
Anecdotal Form
The proverb is structured as a miniature anecdote ('quoth the good-wife when...'), which makes the scenario more vivid and memorable than a simple abstract statement.
Transcription
Quotations
(We ar all chapmen).
*A Reprimand to those who perk up with their Superiors.
Related Proverbs
Original Scan

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