Meaning & Analysis
In a hunt, the dog running last in the pack still has a chance of catching the hare, possibly because the dogs ahead have already tired it out.
Insights
Perseverance over Speed
Success is not guaranteed to the fastest or first starter. It suggests that persistence and endurance can ultimately overcome an initial disadvantage, allowing the laggard to achieve the goal.
Unpredictability of Success
It highlights the unpredictable nature of competition and life. The underdog, who seems least likely to succeed, can triumph through unforeseen circumstances or by capitalizing on the efforts of others.
The Follower's Advantage
The proverb implies a strategic advantage in being second or last. By observing the leaders, the 'hindmost dog' can avoid their mistakes, conserve energy, and seize the opportunity when the prey is exhausted or cornered.
Historical Hunting Analogy
Rooted in the historical practice of hunting with hounds, the proverb draws on the observation that lead dogs often tire the prey, allowing a slower but more persistent dog to secure the catch. This is explicitly noted in Fuller's 1662 quotation.
Cultural Contradiction
This proverb directly contradicts 'The foremost dog catches the hare' (D469), highlighting a cultural tension between the virtues of speed and aggression versus patience and endurance. It suggests that the 'right' approach is situational.
Psychology of the Underdog
The proverb serves as a powerful psychological motivator, offering hope to those who perceive themselves as lagging. It counters a 'winner-take-all' mindset by framing success as a matter of endurance rather than initial advantage.
Modern Strategic Relevance
The principle applies to modern competitive fields like business, where late-entrant companies can succeed by learning from the mistakes and market-building efforts of pioneers, ultimately 'catching the hare' that others tired.
Rhetorical Devices
Symbolism
The 'hindmost dog' symbolizes the underdog or latecomer, while the 'hare' represents the elusive prize or goal. This symbolism makes the advice universal.
Action Imagery
The proverb creates a vivid and dynamic image of a chase, making the abstract concepts of perseverance and success tangible and memorable.
Use of Modality
The crucial word 'may' introduces a sense of possibility rather than certainty. It offers hope and encouragement without making a false promise, reflecting the contingent nature of success.
Transcription
Quotations
The last dogge oftentimes catcheth the Hare.
The hindmost hound, though old, may catch the hare.
Be wisely patient .. The hindmost Hound takes oft the doubling Hare.
(The hindmost hound).
As the last Dog most commonly catcheth the Hare which other Dogs have turned and tired before; so such who succeed in dangerous and difficult enterprises generally reap the benefit of the adventures of those who went before them.
The last dog oft times fastens upon the hare.
The hindermost Dog catcheth the Hare.
Cross References
Related Proverbs
Original Scan
Used under CC BY-NC 3.0.